Aina zote za rilei ni muhimu lakini zina mahitaji tofauti ya kiufundi na uwezekano wa athari za kisheria. Understanding the different kinds of relays is the first step to learning which one is right for you.

Mfano wa Sakiti ya Tor:

Mtumiaji wa Tor -> Rilei ya ulinzi -> Rilei ya kati -> Rilei ya kutoka -> Mwisho wa safari (i.e example.com)

Unapotumia kiungo:

Mtumiaji wa Tor -> Kiungo cha Rilei -> Rilei ya kati -> Rilei ya kutoka -> Mwisho wa safari (i.e example.com)

Rilei za ulinzi na kati

(pia inajulikana kama rilei yasiyo ya kutoka)

Rilei ya ulinzi ni rilei ya kwanza (hop) katika kikudi cha rilei 3 zinazounda sakiti ya Tor. Rilei ya kati ni rilei inayofanya kama hop ya pili katika sakiti ya Tor. To become a guard relay, the relay has to be stable and fast (at least 2MByte/s of upstream and downstream bandwidth) otherwise it will remain a middle relay.

Rilei za ulinzi na za kati kwa kawaida hazipokei malalamishi za unyanyasaji. Rilei zote zitaorodheshwa katika orodha ya umma ya rilei za Tor kwa hivyo zinaweza kuzuiwa na huduma fulani ambazo hazielewi jinsi Tor inavyofanya kazi au zinataka kuhakiki watumiaji wa Tor kwa makusudi. If you are running a relay from home and have one static IP, you may want to consider running a bridge instead so that your non-Tor traffic doesn't get blocked as though it's coming from Tor. If you have a dynamic IP address or multiple static IPs, this isn't as much of an issue.

Rilei ya Tor isiyo ya kutoka inahitaji juhudi ndogo za kukimu na utumiaji wa kipimo data unaweza kubinafsishwa sana katika usanidi wa Tor (itajadiliwa kwa undani zaidi baadaye katika mwongozo huu). The so called "exit policy" of the relay decides if it is a relay allowing clients to exit or not. Rilei isiyo ya kutoka hairuhusu kutoka katika sera yake ya kutoka.

Rilei ya kutoka

The exit relay is the final relay in a Tor circuit, the one that sends traffic out to its destination. The services Tor clients are connecting to (website, chat service, email provider, etc) will see the IP address of the exit relay instead of the real IP address of the Tor user.

Exit relays have the greatest legal exposure and liability of all the relays. Kwa mfano, ikiwa mtumiaji atapakua nyenzo zilizo na hakimiliki wakati anatumia rilei yako ya kutoka, wewe, mwendeshaji unaweza kupokea notisi ya DMCA. Any abuse complaints about the exit will go directly to you (via your hosting provider, depending on the WHOIS records). Kwa ujumla, malalamiko mengi yanaweza kushughulikiwa kwa urahisi kupitia barua za violezo, ambazo tutazijadili zaidi katika sehemu ya masuala ya kisheria.

Because of the legal exposure that comes with running an exit relay, you should not run a Tor exit relay from your home. Ideal exit relay operators are affiliated with some institution, like a university, a library, a hackerspace or a privacy related organization. An institution can not only provide greater bandwidth for the exit, but is better positioned to handle abuse complaints or the rare law enforcement inquiry.

If you are considering running an exit relay, please read the section on legal considerations for exit relay operators.

Kiungo

The design of the Tor network means that the IP addresses of Tor relays (guard, middle, and exit) are public. However, one of the ways Tor can be blocked by governments or ISPs is by blocklisting the IP addresses of these public Tor relays. Tor bridges are relays in the network that are not listed in the public Tor directory, which makes it harder for ISPs and governments to block them.

Bridges are useful for Tor users under oppressive regimes or for people who want an extra layer of security because they're worried somebody will recognize that they are contacting a public Tor relay IP address. Nchi mbalimbali, Ikiwemo China na Iran, zimetafuta njia kugundua kuzuiwa kwa muunganishwa wa Tor bridges. Pluggable transports, a special kind of bridge, address this by adding an additional layer of obfuscation.

Bridges are relatively easy, low-risk and low bandwidth Tor nodes to operate, but they have a big impact on users. Kuna uwezekano wa kiungo kutopokea malalamiko yoyote ya matumizi mabaya na kwa kuwa viungo havijaorodheshwa kama rilei za umma kuna uwezekano mkubwa wa kuzuiwa na huduma maarufu.

Bridges are a great option if you can only run a Tor node from your home network, have only one static IP, and don't have a large amount of bandwidth to donate -- we recommend giving your bridge at least 1 Mbit/sec of bandwidth.

Please see the relay requirements page to learn about the technical requirements for each relay type.